由于短钢筋混凝土构件非常重要,受力时应力状态复杂,加以现有计算方法不完善,因此迫使我们在设计这种构件时要小心谨慎。一般来说,横向钢筋是按结构要求配置,在大多数情况下最好不予采用。分析短悬臂梁的应力应变状态后证明,这些构件的主压应力都集中在某一条带范围内。条带的倾角根据压应力的主方向——从荷载作用点到悬臂与柱的下部连接角顶——确定。集中的主压应力流在转向柱身时颇为密集,此时,在立柱入口处主压应力流的外边缘约呈45°的角度。悬臂梁的实验结果表明,在混凝土中通常出现主要倾斜裂缝。裂缝靠近荷载支承面的内侧,且循主压应力方向,仿佛将主压应力流集中的条带区与混凝土其余部分分开。在大多数 Due to the importance of short-reinforced concrete structures, the stress state under stress is complex and the existing calculation methods are imperfect, thus forcing us to be careful when designing such components. In general, the transverse reinforcement is configured according to the requirements of the structure, and in most cases it is better not to adopt it. Analyzing the stress-strain state of the short cantilever beam shows that the main compressive stress of these components is concentrated in a certain band. The inclination of the strip is determined by the main direction of the compressive stress—from the point of action of the load to the lower connecting top of the cantilever and the column. The concentrated main compressive stress flow is quite dense at the steering column. At this time, the outer edge of the main compressive stress flow at the entrance of the column is about 45°. Cantilever beam experimental results show that the main oblique cracks usually occur in concrete. The crack is close to the inside of the load bearing surface and follows the direction of the principal compressive stress, as if the strip area where the main compressive stress flow concentrates is separated from the rest of the concrete. In most