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(一) 引言关于城镇供水效益的计算,近年来我国水利工作者及科研人员进行了大量研究。原水电部颁布的《水利经济计算规范(SDJ139-85)》推荐了五种计算供水效益的实用方法,即最优等效替代措施法、工业损失法、农业损失法、分摊系数法和相同投资效益率法。实际工作中以“分摊系数法”应用得最为普遍,因为它体现了易被人们接受的“股份分红”原则,计算所需要的各类资料也较易收集。然而,在实际应用中,分摊系数法还是遇到了不少难以解决的问题,使人们对它的合理性产生了怀疑。
(I) Introduction The calculation of urban water supply benefits has led to a large amount of research conducted by water conservancy workers and scientific researchers in China in recent years. The “Water Conservancy Economic Calculation Specification (SDJ139-85)” promulgated by the former Ministry of Hydropower recommends five practical methods for calculating the benefits of water supply, namely, the best equivalent substitution method, industrial loss method, agricultural loss method, apportioned coefficient method, and the same investment benefits. Rate method. Actual application of the “Accoutment Coefficient Method” is the most common, because it embodies the “share dividend” principle that is easily accepted by people, and the various types of data required for calculation are also easier to collect. However, in practical applications, the apportioned coefficient method still encounters a number of problems that are difficult to solve, causing people to doubt its rationality.