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我国的北方名城哈尔滨市,位于黑龙江省西南部,北临松嫩平原,南接张广才岭,座落于松花江干流右岸,在东经126°6′—127°37′、北纬45°10′—46°26′之间。它包括市区和阿城、呼兰两县,总面积为6,928.7平方公里,总人口为377.09万人,有耕地面积30.86万公顷。松花江和它的一级支流呼兰河以及阿什河等22条河流横贯市境。全市地形东南高,西北低。低山区占21%,平原区占53%,河漫滩占21%,一级阶地占5%。该地区属寒温带大陆性季风型气候,年平均气温为3.3℃,年平均降水量为558.5毫米。主要气候特点是:春旱多风少雨,夏季降雨集中,多大雨、暴雨、连续降雨;4—5月份降雨仅占全年的15%,而6—8三个月却占全年的65—70%;丰水年阴雨连绵,江河猛涨,极易发生洪涝灾害。
Located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province, north of Songnen Plain and south of Zhangguangcailing, the north famous city of our country is located on the right bank of the mainstream of the Songhua River. It lies between 126 ° 6’-127 ° 37’E and 45 ° 10’- 46 ° 26 ’. It includes urban areas and Acheng, Hulan two counties, with a total area of 6,928.7 square kilometers, the total population of 377.09 million people, with a land area of 308,600 hectares. Songhua River and its first-tier tributaries Hulan River and Ash River and other 22 rivers run through the city. The city southeast of high terrain, northwest low. The low mountainous area accounts for 21%, the plain area accounts for 53%, the floodplain accounts for 21% and the first terrace accounts for 5%. The area is a cold temperate continental monsoon climate, the annual average temperature of 3.3 ℃, the average annual rainfall of 558.5 mm. The main climatic characteristics are: spring drought windy, summer rainfall concentrated, more rain, heavy rain, continuous rainfall; 4-5 month rainfall accounted for only 15% of the year, but 6-8 three months but accounted for the year 65- 70%; wet years rainy, river soared, prone to floods.