设备完好是保证运输不间断进行的重要条件,所以修理工作是个特别重要的问题。苏联铁路对修理是比较重视的,收入总额的25％用于各种修理支出,这些支出约占运营支出的35％。苏联铁路修理工作分为维修、中修与大修三级。各种技术设备的修程,由交通部审定的修理规程规定。维修最多不超过一年,每年搞一次的中修,也属于日常修理,按维修处理。有些技术设备的较大零部件与结构,要经过较长时间退出使用或完全更换,这种情况则通过 Well-equipped to ensure uninterrupted transport is an important condition, so the repair is a particularly important issue. Soviet Railways places more emphasis on repairs. 25% of its total revenue is spent on various repairs, which account for about 35% of operating expenses. Soviet railway repair work is divided into maintenance, repair and overhauls three. A variety of technical equipment repair, approved by the Ministry of Communications repair regulations. Repair up to no more than a year, engage in a repair in the middle, but also belong to the daily repair, according to the maintenance. Some of the larger components and structures of technical equipment have to be withdrawn from use or completely replaced after a long period of time, and this situation is passed