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本文针对语用教学难点,以赞同和反对的表达为例,探讨了传统汉语教材与自然会话在实现言语行为上的差异,并提出改进教材和教学的建议。基于自然口语研究的成果,本研究发现,教材模拟会话表达语言行为的方式常常是高度标记性的,并据此提出,传统教材有必要采用真实语料作为辅助,以准确反映日常交际中语言的常规使用。课堂活动的设计应多让学生观察、接触并参与真实的交际活动,以提高语用能力。
This article aims at the difficult points of pragmatic teaching and takes the expressions of approval and objection as examples to discuss the differences between traditional Chinese textbooks and natural conversation in realizing verbal behaviors and puts forward suggestions on how to improve teaching materials and teaching. Based on the results of natural spoken language research, this study found that the ways in which the textbook simulates conversational expressions of language behavior are often highly marked, and accordingly suggests that traditional texts need to be supported by real corpora to accurately reflect the language conventions in everyday communication use. Classroom activities should be designed to allow students to observe, contact and participate in real communicative activities to enhance their pragmatic competence.