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化学工业中需要消耗很多能量和成本用于混合物分离或纯化。乙烯、丙烯和1,3-丁二烯等小分子烯烃是世界上最大宗的几种化工产品/原料。为了将它们和其他相似饱和/不饱和烃类副产品分离,需要使用高能耗和环境不友好的低温高压或溶剂萃取精馏技术。因此,亟需发展能在温和条件下高效分离纯化小分子烃类的技术和材料~([1])。基于分子几何和物理性质差别,多孔材料可以对混合物中各组分产生差异性吸附,但常规多孔材料缺乏识别机制,对烃类的吸附选择性偏低。
The chemical industry consumes a lot of energy and costs for the separation or purification of the mixture. Small molecule olefins such as ethylene, propylene and 1,3-butadiene are the largest of several chemical products / feedstocks in the world. In order to separate them from other similar byproducts of saturated / unsaturated hydrocarbons, it is necessary to use a high-pressure and solvent-free extractive distillation technique that is not environmentally friendly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop technologies and materials that can efficiently separate and purify small-molecule hydrocarbons under mild conditions. [1] Due to the difference of molecular geometry and physical properties, porous materials can differentially adsorb various components in the mixture. However, conventional porous materials lack a recognition mechanism and have low adsorption selectivity to hydrocarbons.