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本文对28名男子排球运动员的股四头肌进行等速肌力测试以提供髌股关节生物力学计算数据。根据膝关节等速测试力学模型和髌股关节作用力(PFJRF)三维力学模型、分析不同Q角对髌股剪切力(Fs),正压力(Fc)和合力(R)的影响。发现Q角增大对Fs影响最大,并使R方向明显偏外。而伸膝肌力大小或测试速度则对R和Fc产生明显影响。当Q角达18°时,Fs最大达2.1BW,R最大达6.6BW。如此之大的Fs及方向偏外的R,将导致压力分布严重不均和髌骨不稳、或许还造成膝关节运动过程中髌骨在股骨髁间沟内的旋转。因此,从生物力学上也证实Q角较大对排球运动员的髌股关节是不利的。
In this paper, 28 male volleyball athletes quadriceps isokinetic test to provide patellofemoral biomechanical calculations. The effects of different Q angles on the shear force (Fs), positive pressure (Fc) and resultant force (R) of the patellofemoral were analyzed according to the isokinetic mechanical model of knee joint and the three-dimensional mechanical model of patellofemoral joint force (PFJRF). It is found that the increase of Q angle has the greatest influence on Fs and makes the direction of R significantly out of line. The extensor muscle strength or test speed has a significant impact on R and Fc. When the Q angle of 18 °, Fs up to 2.1BW, R up to 6.6BW. Such a large Fs and an out-of-direction R result in severe uneven pressure distribution and patellar instability and may also cause rotation of the patella within the intercondylar groove during knee movement. Therefore, Biomechanics also confirmed that the larger Q angle was negative for volleyball player’s patellofemoral joint.