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目的通过在职业场所开展心血管病一级预防及高血压患者管理,积累职业场所开展心血管病防治的经验。方法选取2012年12月至2013年2月某化工企业检维修车间的50例高血压患者作为研究对象,通过生活方式干预12个月,观察患者血压水平的变化及疗效。结果干预12个月后,显效18例(36.0%),有效21例(42.0%),无效11例(22.0%),总有效率为78.0%。干预后较干预前患者收缩压[(133.16±7.06)mm Hg vs(139.45±10.09)mm Hg)]及舒张压[(82.20±3.62)mm Hg vs(87.52±7.85)mm Hg)]较干预前均有不同程度的下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论健康教育可以帮助高血压患者建立一个良好的生活方式,对原发性高血压患者的主要危险因素进行一级干预有益于患者血压的控制,可提高生活质量,改善远期预后。
Objective To accumulate occupational sites to carry out cardiovascular disease prevention and control experience by carrying out primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and management of hypertensive patients in occupational settings. Methods Fifty hypertensive patients in a chemical plant inspection and maintenance workshop from December 2012 to February 2013 were selected as study subjects. The changes of blood pressure level and therapeutic effect were observed by lifestyle intervention for 12 months. Results After 12 months of intervention, 18 cases (36.0%) were markedly effective, 21 (42.0%) effective and 11 (22.0%) ineffective with a total effective rate of 78.0%. Compared with pre-intervention, systolic blood pressure (133.16 ± 7.06 mm Hg vs 139.45 ± 10.09 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (82.20 ± 3.62 mm Hg vs (87.52 ± 7.85) mm Hg) All decreased to some extent, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Health education can help establish a good life style for hypertensive patients. One-level intervention of major risk factors in patients with essential hypertension is beneficial to the control of blood pressure, improves quality of life and improves long-term prognosis.