肾脏的氧供具有明显的不均一性，肾皮质供氧高于髓质，髓质缺氧是逆流倍增系统的结果。皮、髓质在代谢和对缺氧损害的易感性亦具有差别，髓质缺氧最易损害的区域是远离直小管的内带最深层，即最远离氧供的部位。了解氧与肾代谢之间的关系对防止肾脏缺氧损害及了解某些疾病的发病机理有一定意义。 Kidney oxygen supply has a significant heterogeneity, renal cortex oxygen supply higher than the medulla, medullary hypoxia is the result of countercurrent doubler system. Skin and medulla are also different in metabolism and vulnerability to hypoxia. The most vulnerable area of ​​medullary hypoxia is the deepest part of the inner zone far away from the straight tubule, ie, the part furthest away from oxygen supply. Understanding the relationship between oxygen and renal metabolism to prevent renal damage and hypoxia to understand the pathogenesis of certain diseases have some significance.