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原油成本在炼油厂总成本中占据非常高的比例,因而选择最经济的原油以充分发挥已有装置的潜力,保持工厂优化运行,是提高炼油厂经济效益的有效途径。利用线性规划技术,建立原油选择模型,模拟炼油厂的生产经营过程,可以综合考虑原油性质对装置负荷、收率、产品质量及产品结构的影响,有效提高原油选择的准确性,并为原油选择提供量化指标。应用ASPEN PIMS软件,为某炼油厂建立线性规划模型,对原油单炼及混炼的适应性和经济效益进行模拟研究。结果表明,五种原油在单炼时均存在加工瓶颈,因而无法满足全厂正常生产的需要。通过对原油混炼工况进行模拟,得到了原油按不同混炼比例加工时的全厂产品结构、工艺装置加工规模及经济效益,并以经济效益最大化为目标函数,通过模拟优化获得了原油的最优混炼比例。在实际生产中,炼油厂可将上述模拟结果作为参考依据,以指导原油的采购和加工。
The cost of crude oil occupies a very high proportion of the total cost of the refinery. Therefore, selecting the most economical crude oil to fully exploit the potential of the existing plant and maintaining the optimal operation of the plant are effective ways to increase the economic benefits of the refinery. The use of linear programming technology, the establishment of a crude oil selection model to simulate the refinery production and management process, can be taken into account the nature of the crude oil load on the device, yield, product quality and product structure, effectively improve the accuracy of the choice of crude oil and crude oil options Provide quantitative indicators. Using ASPEN PIMS software, a linear programming model is established for a refinery to simulate the adaptability and economic benefits of crude oil refining and mixing. The results show that there are bottlenecks in the processing of five kinds of crude oil in single refining, which can not meet the needs of the normal production of the whole plant. Through the simulation of the crude oil mixing conditions, the whole plant product structure, processing scale and economic benefits of the crude oil processed according to different mixing ratios are obtained. The objective function is to maximize the economic benefits, and the crude oil The best mixing ratio. In actual production, the refinery can use the above simulation results as a reference to guide the procurement and processing of crude oil.