考试是促进教学双方向着教学目标逼近和选拔人材的有效手段,有经验的教师总是根据考试中学生反馈回来的信息调整自己的教学,而有经验的学生也可通过考试认识自己的水平,改变学习方法、努力方向以及努力的程度,可见考试决定着学生的学和教师的教,考试是否科学直接关系着教学质量的高低、学风、学生的发展方向(成为哪一类的人)以及人材的合理选拔培养,因而对于一次考试,我们除了关心试卷本身的质量(其信度、效度以及各题的难度、区分度是否合乎要求;考试的施测和评分记分是否标准化;总体考分的分布情况,其集中趋势和离散程度外,还关心对所取得的考试分数应如何科学地进行解释,这也是考试标准化中的一个颇为重要的环节。 The examination is an effective means to promote teaching approaching and selecting talents in the direction of teaching. Experienced teachers always adjust their teaching according to the feedback information from the students in the examination. Experienced students can also use the test to understand their own level and change their learning. The method, the direction of effort, and the degree of effort show that the test determines the student’s learning and teacher’s teaching. Whether or not the test is scientific is directly related to the level of teaching quality, the style of study, the direction of the student’s development (what type of person), and the reasonableness of the person. Selecting and cultivating, so for an exam, we not only care about the quality of the paper itself (whether its reliability, validity, and difficulty and differentiation of each question are in compliance with the requirements; whether the testing and scoring of the test is standardized; the distribution of the overall test score, In addition to its central tendency and degree of dispersion, it is also concerned with how to scientifically interpret the test scores obtained. This is also a very important part of the standardization of examinations.