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目的探讨儿童不同时期儿童急性中毒的原因及制订相应的预防措施。方法对1996年1月～2000年12月与2001年1月～2005年12月期间收治的儿童急性中毒病例从中毒的种类,途径,年龄,城乡差别,自杀性行为等方面进行回顾性分析(食物中毒除外)。结果儿童急性中毒多发生在农村,农药中毒仍占第一位,消化道吸收途径是主要途径。但近年来儿童急性中毒的种类有新的特点,鼠药中毒明显减少,而自杀性行为明显上升。医源性的药物中毒仍然占较高的比例。结论加强对农村儿童及家长的安全教育,防止错服误服药物;关心青少年身心健康,杜绝轻生行为;加强对乡村医生培训,对预防儿童急性中毒具有十分重要的意义。
Objective To explore the causes of children acute poisoning in different periods and to develop corresponding preventive measures. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the types of poisoning, pathways, ages, urban-rural differences and suicidal behavior of acute poisoning cases admitted to our hospital from January 1996 to December 2000 and from January 2001 to December 2005 Except for food poisoning). Results Acute poisoning in children occurred in rural areas, pesticide poisoning is still the first place, the main means of absorption of digestive tract. However, in recent years, the types of acute poisoning in children have new characteristics. The poisoning of rat poisoning is obviously reduced, while the suicidal behavior is obviously increased. Iatrogenic drug poisoning still accounts for a high proportion. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen safety education for rural children and their parents so as to prevent mistakes and mistakes. It is important to take care of young people’s physical and mental health and eliminate grievances. To strengthen training for rural doctors is of great significance in preventing acute poisoning of children.