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长江是我国第一条大河,水量丰沛,流域广阔,沿江许多支流汇入长江干流.支流的入汇使长江的水流及泥沙运动受到很大的影响.特别是流域面积较大,水、沙量丰沛的支流,其影响就更大. 本文根据对长江支流嘉陵江的来水,来沙条件及入汇处长江干流重庆河段的水流和泥沙运动情况的分析,探讨了嘉陵江入汇对长江重庆河段的影响.得出了在不同汇流比条件下重庆河段的水位、水面比降、流速及河床冲淤等变化的规律.为支流入汇对干流的影响提供了一些定量的关系.
The Yangtze River is the first big river in our country with abundant water and vast river basins, and many mainstream tributaries along the Yangtze River flow into the mainstream of the Yangtze River. The entry of tributaries has greatly affected the water flow and sediment movement of the Yangtze River. The abundance of tributaries, the impact is even greater.This paper based on the Yangtze River tributaries of the Jialing River, water and sand into the conditions and the mainstream of the Yangtze River in Chongqing section of the water flow and sediment movement analysis of the Jialing River into the Yangtze River Chongqing, and the influence of Chongqing reach is obtained.Changes of water level, water surface ratio, flow velocity and riverbed scouring and silting in Chongqing reach are obtained under different confluence ratios, which provides some quantitative relationships for the inflow of tributaries to the main stream.