戏曲、社火等民间大众文艺活动在1980年代普遍式微。1990年代开始,无论在媒体上,还是在都市的艺术沙龙、大学讲坛,常常能见到热泪盈眶、痛心疾首的演讲者为衰败的民间文艺奔走呼号。但是,对于民间文艺为什么衰败的归因却略显简单。以皮影戏为例,在全国非遗项目申报书上,常见的叙述是近年来“现代影视艺术”和“现代文化”的冲击;~1在媒体上,认为原因是“电视和各类视听方式的冲击”~2;学术专著则认为“皮影戏越来越少,不用说,是受到电影、电视全方位的冲击”~3。 Opera, social fire and other popular mass literary activities in the 1980s universal micro. Beginning in the 1990s, no matter in the media or in the urban art salon or university pulpit, tears and tears were often seen. The distressed speeches of the nomadic art run loudly. However, the reason why the decline of folk art attribution is somewhat simple. Taking the shadow play as an example, the common narratives on non-legacy items in the whole country are the impact of “modern film art” and “modern culture” in recent years; ~ 1 in the media, the reason is that “TV and The impact of various types of audio-visual methods ”~ 2; academic monographs that “ shadow play less and less, needless to say, is affected by the full impact of film and television ”~ 3.