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目的:探讨儿童腺病毒(ADV)感染相关肺脓肿的临床特点。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月至12月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心诊治的5例ADV肺炎相关肺脓肿患儿的一般资料、临床特点、辅助检查及治疗和随访情况。结果:5例患儿年龄为4～12个月，平均8.6个月；临床表现均有发热，以高热为主，热峰均达39 ℃以上，有咳嗽、咳痰，伴或不伴气促，伴或不伴胸腔积液；CT均提示肺实质病变，出现多个大小不等囊状影、液平囊状影、厚壁空洞等组织坏死影像，部分患儿有胸腔积液形成；病原学检查ADV-PCR或ADV-IgM阳性；血常规提示白细胞、中性粒细胞绝对值升高或正常、血小板升高，C反应蛋白升高或正常，乳酸脱氢酶升高；3例术后病理结果均提示肺脓肿形成，正规治疗后康复出院，预后良好。结论:ADV感染相关肺脓肿属临床少见并发症，具体发病机制尚不明确，对于ADV感染患儿常规治疗后症状未见明显好转者应高度怀疑合并肺脓肿可能，积极行胸部CT检查以明确诊断，经过正规治疗，大多预后良好。“,”Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of lung abscess related to adenovirus (ADV).Methods:The data of 5 cases suffering from pulmonary abscess by ADV in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from January to December 2019 were collected, including general information, clinical characteristics, examination and follow up visits.Results:The age of the patients ranged from 4 months to 12 months and the mean age was 8.6 months.All of them had fever and the degree was more than 39 ℃.What′s more, they had the history of cough and sputum.Somebody had dyspnea and pleural effusion.The imaging examinations of 5 cases strongly suggested that the interstitial and parenchymal lung disease subsequently appeared different sized cystic shadow, liquid flat cystic shadow, thickened wall empty tissue image, while some cases displayed the pleural effusion.The ADV-PCR or ADV-IgM were positive in the children, while the C-reactive protein, white blood cells and neutrophile were higher than the normal, but some were not.All the platelet count and lactate dehydrogenase were higher than the normal.Three children experienced the surgical treatment and their pathologic result revealed lung abscess.All the children were cured after the treatment, with good prognosis.Conclusions:Lung abscess related to ADV was rare in children and its system was not clear.If children who suffered from ADV were not cured after the treatment for a long time, the CT scan can differentiate whether it was combined with the complication of lung abscess or not.Early therapy for these patients could obtain satisfactory prognosis.