【摘 要】
：
The hydropower sector is currently experiencing several technological developments.New technologies and practices are emerging to make hydropower more flexible and more sustainable.Novel materials have also been recently developed to increase performance,
【机 构】
：
European Commission Joint Research Centre,Ispra 21027,Italy;Marine Structures Laboratory,IFREMER Cen
论文部分内容阅读
The hydropower sector is currently experiencing several technological developments.New technologies and practices are emerging to make hydropower more flexible and more sustainable.Novel materials have also been recently developed to increase performance,durability,and reliability;however,no sys-tematic discussions can be found in the literature.Therefore,in this paper,novel materials for hydro-power applications are presented,and their performance,advantages,and limitations are discussed.For example,composites can reduce the weight of steel equipment by 50％to 80％,polymers and super-hydrophobic materials can reduce head losses by 4％to 20％,and novel bearing materials can reduce bear-ing wear by 6％.These improvements determine higher efficiencies,longer life span,waste reduction,and maintenance needs,although the initial cost of some materials is not yet competitive with respect to the costs of traditional materials.The novel materials are described here based on the following categories:novel materials for turbines,dams and waterways,bearings,seals,and ocean hydropower.
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