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生态学是研究生命系统与环境系统相互作用的规律和机理的科学。1935年A.G.Tansley提出生态系统(Ecosystem)概念以来,到六十年代生态学的研究重心已转向生态系统。生态系统是由许多不同形态、处于不同运动状态的物质构成的一个网络结构;各个组成成分相互联系、相互作用、相互协调;即受制约于总体,又表现各个物种的特点;而且构成生态系统的许多成分,在不同时期表现形式不一样,特别是许多无机环境成分变化是不确定性的。许多过程,包括化学过程、物理过程和生物过程,特别是生物过程是非线性的,因而,是一
Ecology is the science that studies the law and mechanism of the interaction between living systems and environmental systems. Since A.G.Tansley proposed the concept of Ecosystem in 1935, the focus of ecology research in the 1960s has shifted to the ecosystem. Ecosystem is a network structure composed of many different forms and materials in different movement states. Each component interacts, interacts and coordinates with each other; that is, it is restricted to the whole and shows the characteristics of each species; Many components, in different periods of different forms of expression, in particular, many changes in the composition of the inorganic environment is uncertain. Many processes, including chemical processes, physical processes and biological processes, especially biological processes, are non-linear and therefore