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理想短路过渡过程的本质应当是熔化的焊丝金属与液态熔池接触后，液相金属桥在多种能量作用下建立、发展以及随后失稳破断的过程。本文基于所提出的短路过渡液相桥系统的能量模型，采用三维有限元方法分析其平衡液面形态，对短路过渡行为进行了研究。结果表明，短路后通过回抽焊丝的方法向液相桥施加一定的机械能，可以显著降低短路过渡对电磁能量的要求，实现液相桥的失稳破断，从而获得极少飞溅的平稳短路过渡过程。为采用回抽焊丝平稳拉断液相桥的控制方法奠定了理论基础。
The essence of the ideal short-circuit transition process should be the process of establishing, developing and subsequently destabilizing and breaking the liquid-phase metal bridge under the action of multiple energies after the molten metal contacts the liquid pool. In this paper, based on the proposed energy model of transient liquid-phase bridge system, three-dimensional finite element method is used to analyze the equilibrium liquid surface morphology and to study the transient behavior. The results show that applying a certain mechanical energy to the liquid phase bridge by shorting the welding wire can significantly reduce the electromagnetic energy requirements of the short circuit transition and achieve the instability and breaking of the liquid phase bridge so as to obtain a smooth transition process with little spatter . It laid the theoretical foundation for adopting the control method of smoothing the liquid-phase bridge by smoothing the return wire.