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目的了解漳州市2010—2011年手足口病的病原学特征,为其防控提供科学依据。方法用Real-time RT-PCR方法,对2010—2011年哨点医院监测的704份临床诊断手足口病疑似病例的标本进行肠道病毒通用型、EV71、CVA16的核酸检测。结果肠道病毒通用型核酸阳性率63.8%,EV71阳性率36.5%,CVA16阳性率11.8%,EV71+CVA16混合感染阳性率0.1%,其他肠道病毒阳性率15.3%。男阳性病例多于女性,男女性别比为1.69:1。5岁以下儿童阳性病例占96.9%。病例主要集中在4～10月,分别占2010年的95.2%和2011年的96.1%。结论漳州市儿童手足口病病原体2010年以EV71为主,2011年以其他肠道病毒为主,优势毒株有变迁趋势。5岁以下儿童是手足口病高危人群,应重点加强预防和控制措施。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhangzhou City from 2010 to 2011 and provide a scientific basis for its prevention and control. Methods Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect 704 cases of suspected cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in sentinel hospitals during 2010-2011 for the detection of nucleic acids of enterovirus, EV71 and CVA16. Results The positive rate of enterovirus common nucleic acid was 63.8%, the positive rate of EV71 was 36.5%, the positive rate of CVA16 was 11.8%, the positive rate of EV71 + CVA16 mixed infection was 0.1%, and the positive rate of other enterovirus was 15.3%. There were more male cases than female cases, with a male / female ratio of 1.69: 96.9% of children under 1.5 years of age were positive. The cases mainly concentrated in April to October, accounting for 95.2% in 2010 and 96.1% in 2011 respectively. Conclusion The main pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in children in Zhangzhou in 2010 were EV71. In 2011, other enteroviruses were predominant, and the predominant strains tended to change. Children under 5 years of age are at high risk of hand-foot-mouth disease and should focus on prevention and control measures.