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目的:分析血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)患者透析相关急性心律失常的危险因素。方法:选取我院2011年5月～2012年5月维持性HD患者102例,记录透析相关急性心律失常出现的频率,类型及处理策略,并分析危险因素。结果:102例HD患者共透析8 211例次,急性心律失常出现1046例次,发生率12.7%,其中室性早搏306例,房性早搏177例,心房纤颤138例,阵发性室上速81例,室性心动过度77例,窦性心动过速228例,窦性心动过缓39例。初步发现伴有年龄偏大、透后低血钾、每次超滤脱水量≥3kg、贫血、有基础心脏疾患等因素的透析相关心律失常的发生率较高。结论:透析相关心律失常发生与患者基础心脏疾患、透后低血钾、年龄、超滤量和贫血等多种因素有关。
Objective: To analyze the risk factors of dialysis-related acute arrhythmia in patients with hemodialysis (HD). Methods: A total of 102 patients with maintenance HD were selected from May 2011 to May 2012 in our hospital. The frequency, types and treatment strategies of dialysis-related acute arrhythmias were recorded and the risk factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 1021 HD patients were dialyzed 821 cases, with 1046 cases of acute arrhythmia, the incidence rate was 12.7%, including 306 cases of premature ventricular contractions, 177 cases of atrial premature beats, 138 cases of atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal supraventricular Speed in 81 cases, 77 cases of ventricular tachycardia, 228 cases of sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia in 39 cases. Preliminary findings associated with the older, through hypokalemia, each ultrafiltration dehydration ≥ 3kg, anemia, basic heart disease and other factors related to the higher incidence of dialysis-related arrhythmias. Conclusion: The occurrence of dialysis-related arrhythmia is related to many factors such as underlying heart disease, hypokalemia, age, ultrafiltration and anemia.