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针对叶片型面抛光,在分析五轴联动数控砂带抛光可行性的基础上,设计并开发了五轴联动柔性数控砂带抛光机。提出了接触轮与叶片型面有效贴合的概念,并通过改善抛光工具、采用柔性抛光技术和控制抛光轴矢量来实现砂带与叶片型面的有效贴合。抛光轴矢量由抛光位点处法矢和接触轮进给矢量计算获得,既实现了砂带与叶片型面的有效贴合,而且满足抛光轮接触压力方向与柔性机构收缩方向基本一致的要求。抛光轨迹规划采用等参数线法,抛光行距根据抛光带宽确定。最后进行抛光实验,结果为精抛后粗糙度达到0.25~0.39μm,抛光前后叶型轮廓度变化0.007mm,抛光去除量在0.010~0.016mm之间,满足图纸要求。通过实验表明,五轴联动数控砂带抛光叶片型面可行,采用本文所述技术能够满足叶片型面抛光要求。
For the blade surface polishing, based on the analysis of feasibility of five-axis NC abrasive belt polishing, a five-axis flexible NC belt polishing machine was designed and developed. The concept of effective contact between the contact wheel and the blade surface is proposed. The effective bonding between the belt and the blade surface is achieved through the improvement of the polishing tool, the flexible polishing technique and the control of the polishing axis vector. The polishing axis vector is calculated from the normal vector of the polishing site and the feed vector of the contact wheel, which not only achieves the effective fit between the belt and the vane profile, but also meets the requirements of the contact pressure of the polishing wheel and the shrinkage direction of the flexible mechanism. Polishing path planning using the same parameter line method, polishing line spacing determined according to the polishing bandwidth. Finally, the polishing experiment was carried out. The results showed that the roughness after finishing polishing reached 0.25 ~ 0.39μm, the variation of the profile before and after polishing was 0.007mm and the polishing removal was between 0.010 ~ 0.016mm, which satisfied the drawing requirements. Experiments show that the five-axis CNC abrasive belt polishing blade surface feasible, the use of the technology described in this article to meet the blade surface polishing requirements.