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宋代水运仪象台是中国古代水力天文机械的杰出代表之一。它能通过控制水量调节枢轮运转速度,实现天文观测、天象演示和自动计时的功能。该文在建立水运仪象台完整运动系统模型的基础上,重点研究天柱传动系统的运动特性。首先分析天柱系统运动过程,然后通过3维模型对运动进行仿真分析,并引入仿真摩擦力计算结果,研究各传动摩擦力对天柱系统的运动敏感度问题。计算结果表明:地毂与天柱下轮摩擦力对天柱系统运转影响最大;天柱系统在给定结构条件下,能够保证水运仪象台的正常运转。
The Song dynasty waterway meteorological station is one of the outstanding representatives of the ancient Chinese hydraulic astronomy machinery. It can control the speed of water through the control of the rotation of the wheel to achieve astronomical observations, astronomical phenomena demonstration and automatic timing function. Based on the establishment of the complete motion system model of the waterborne observatory, this paper focuses on the motion characteristics of Tianzhu transmission system. Firstly, the motion of Tianzhu system was analyzed, then the motion was simulated by 3-D model, and the simulation results of the friction were introduced to study the motion sensitivity of Tianzhu system to each transmission friction. The calculation results show that the friction between the hub and Tianzhu wheel has the greatest influence on the operation of Tianzhu system. The Tianzhu system can ensure the normal operation of the platform under the given structure conditions.