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为研究煤层深孔聚能爆破致裂增透机理,构建聚能爆破分析模型,运用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法探讨聚能爆破时聚能射流的成型机理、爆炸应力波的传播特点、煤体力学特征和裂隙扩展机理.结果表明:聚能槽集聚爆轰能量形成聚能射流并产生聚能效应,聚能效应显著改变了爆炸应力波的传播特性和煤体的力学性质,在聚能方向煤体所受压应力峰值是非聚能方向的1.10~1.29倍,有效地促进了裂隙的扩展;且主聚能方向煤体所受压应力峰值由次聚能方向的0.85倍增大到1.06倍,放缓了煤体所受应力的衰减速度.此外,煤层深孔聚能爆破工程应用实验表明,聚能爆破后抽采孔平均瓦斯含量是聚能爆破前的1.58倍,有效地提高了煤层透气性和瓦斯抽采率.
In order to study the mechanism of crack penetration and penetration enhancement by deep-hole blasting in coal seam and to build a model of energy-bursting blasting analysis, the forming mechanism of coalescence jet and the propagation characteristics of explosion stress wave are studied by the combination of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Coal mechanics characteristics and crack propagation mechanism.The results show that the energy concentration of detonation energy accumulates in the jets to generate the jets and generate the energy gathering effect. The energy dissipation effect remarkably changes the propagation characteristics of the explosion stress wave and the mechanical properties of the coal. The compressive stress peak of compressive direction coal is 1.10-1.29 times that of non-convergent direction, which effectively promoted the expansion of fractures. The compressive stress peak value of coal in the direction of the main converging direction increased from 0.85 times to 1.06 Times, slowing down the rate of decay of coal stress.In addition, the application of deep-hole blasting engineering in coal seams shows that the average gas content after blasting is about 1.58 times that before the blasting, which effectively improves the Gas permeability and gas drainage rate of coal seam.