20世纪70年代以来的历届美国政府都公开声明,保证石油供应安全是其中东外交的首要目标之一。从大的方面来看,美国对中东的石油外交主要包括两方面的内容。一方面是反卡特尔外交,也就是针对以中东石油输出国为主体的欧佩克的外交。这种外交的基本目标是削弱欧佩克对国际石油市场 All previous U.S. governments since the 1970s have stated publicly that one of the primary goals of the Middle East diplomacy is to ensure the security of oil supply. From a large perspective, the U.S. oil diplomacy to the Middle East mainly includes two aspects. On the one hand, it is an anti-cartel diplomacy, that is, OPEC diplomacy aimed mainly at the Middle East oil exporter. The basic objective of such diplomacy is to weaken OPEC’s position on the international oil market