1 引言在胃肠道外科中,术后死亡率较高的是食管癌。一般认为,吻合口瘘,胸膜、肺部并发症及心血管并发症为食管癌术后常见的三大死亡原因,其中最重要的,与外科技术关系最大的就是吻合口瘘。Chassin在1978年统计美国13所医院2224例食管、贲门癌手术,术后死亡率为20％,因瘘致死者占死亡总人数的 1 INTRODUCTION In gastrointestinal surgery, the higher postoperative mortality is esophageal cancer. It is generally believed that anastomotic leakage, pleural effusion, pulmonary complications, and cardiovascular complications are the three most common causes of death after esophageal cancer. The most important of these is the anastomotic leakage associated with surgical techniques. In 1978, Chassin counted 2,224 esophageal and cardiac cancer surgeries in 13 hospitals in the United States. The postoperative mortality rate was 20%, and the total number of deaths was due to deceased persons.