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金霉素和土霉素的化学结构式已经在1952年确定。两者具有相同的基本结构,称为四圜素(Tetrac-ycline),其差别是金霉素在第7位碳原子上有一个氯原子,而土霉素在第5位碳原子上有一个羟基:
Chemical structures of chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline have been established in 1952. Both have the same basic structure, termed Tetrac-ycline, with the difference that chlortetracycline has a chlorine atom at the 7th carbon atom and oxytetracycline has one at the 5th carbon atom Hydroxyl: