Ni3Al-based alloys have drawn much attention as candidates for high-temperature structural materials due to their excellent compre-hensive properties. The microstructure and corresponding mechanical properties of Ni3Al-based alloys are known to be susceptible to heat treatment. Thus, a significant step is to employ various heat treatments to derive the desirable mechanical properties of the alloys. This paper briefly summarizes the recent advances in the microstructure evolution that occurs during the heat treatment of Ni3Al-based alloys. Aside fromγ' phase and γ phase, the precipitations of β phase, α-Cr precipitates, and carbides are also found in Ni3Al-based alloys with the addition of vari-ous alloying elements. The evolution in morphology, size, and volume fraction of various types of secondary phases during heat treatment are reviewed, involving γ' phase, β phase, α-Cr precipitate, and carbides. The kinetics of the growth of precipitates are also analyzed. Furthermore, the influences of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Ni3Al-based alloys are discussed.