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为小腿皮神经及其营养血管为蒂的岛状皮瓣提供解剖学基础.在8侧新鲜成人下肢,经动脉灌注红色乳胶后,解剖观测隐神经、腓浅神经及腓肠神经血供及其筋膜皮支的分布范围;2侧成人新鲜下肢标本经墨汁灌注、皮肤脱水透明后观测各皮神经的营养血管的分支、分布及吻合.结果显示:①隐神经有1～3支营养动脉,以隐动脉最恒定,其外径为(1.03±0.36)mm,沿途发出5～11个皮支达小腿内侧面的下部;②腓浅神经由腓浅动脉伴行,动脉外径为(1.0±0.04)mm,在小腿外侧的下1/3段发出筋膜皮支4～7支,最远可达神经前方5.8cm;③腓肠神经有营养动脉2～4支,动脉外径为(0.8±0.3)mm,筋膜皮支分布达小腿后面下部.小腿皮神经营养血管皮瓣设计容易,血供可靠,顺行转位可修复膝
To provide the anatomical basis for the skin flap pedicled with the calf nerve and its nutrient vessels.After 8 days of fresh adult lower limbs, red blood cells were infused through the artery and dissected to observe the blood supply of saphenous nerve, peroneal nerve and sural nerve Fascia skin branch distribution; 2 adult fresh lower extremity specimens by ink perfusion, skin dewatering transparent observation of the branch of the nutrient nerve of the bifurcation, distribution and anastomosis.The results showed that: ① saphenous nerve with 1 ~ 3 nutritional artery, (1.03 ± 0.36) mm, with 5 ~ 11 branches reaching the lower part of medial side of the calf. ② The superficial peroneal nerve was accompanied by the superficial peroneal artery and the artery diameter was (1.0 ± 0.04) mm, the lower 1/3 of the lateral leg issued fascia skin branch 4 to 7, as far as 5.8cm in front of the nerve; ③ Sural nerve has 2 to 4 vegetative arteries, arterial diameter (0.8 ± 0.3) mm, the distribution of fascia and dermis reaches the back of the lower leg. The design of calf neurocutaneous flap is easy and blood supply is reliable.