现代肺癌的外科治疗,由于心脏血管外科气管、隆突部成形术等的应用,相应地扩大了局部根治效果,并且应用支气管成形术、小范围切除术,使以往心肺功能低下者也可耐受手术,由于手术操作的改进,使手术适应症明显扩大,近年来肺癌外科的课题之一即如何扩大手术适应症。肺癌扩大根治术一般是切除癌原发病灶及癌侵袭的胸内脏器。原发灶位于上叶者术前以原发灶为中心 Surgical treatment of modern lung cancer, due to the application of cardiac vascular surgery trachea, protuberance angioplasty, etc., accordingly expand the effect of local cure, and the application of bronchial angioplasty, small-range resection, so that previous cardiopulmonary dysfunction can also be tolerated Because of the improvement in surgical operations, surgical indications have been significantly expanded. In recent years, one of the topics of lung cancer surgery is how to expand surgical indications. Expanded radical surgery for lung cancer is generally the removal of the primary tumor and cancer invasion of the chest organs. The primary lesion is located in the upper lobe preoperatively centered on the primary lesion