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目的了解接种门诊人员和儿童家长对疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测的知识、态度和相关行为。方法 2015年12月—2016年1月,在江西赣州市对1 274名儿童家长和315名门诊人员就AEFI监测的知信行情况进行问卷调查。结果 98.41%的接种门诊人员知晓AEFI监测定义,但仅有26.67%的人知晓报告卡上报时限;94.11%的家长知晓接种疫苗后现场留观30 min,仅有61.30%的人知晓大部分不良反应发生时间;在态度上,双方均支持AEFI监测工作,96.51%的门诊人员和89.79%的家长认为有必要开展AEFI监测工作,参与度较好;相关行为方面,41.27%的门诊人员存在怀疑为AEFI但未报告现象,该现象与接受培训次数有关;未报告AEFI人员中有42.37%认为AEFI监测工作是额外负担,远高于报告过AEFI人员;儿童发生AEFI后家长报告意识较好,报告率达86.04%;17.97%的家长对症状轻的AEFI不报告,仅有42.70%的家长接种后留观时间≥30 min,其中农村家长较城区、乡镇家长比例高,并与家长所持态度及相关知识知晓程度有关。结论应加强门诊人员的培训工作,强化接种前的告知及AEFI知识的宣传工作。
Objectives To understand the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of vaccination clinic staff and children’s parents on the surveillance of suspected immunization abnormalities (AEFI). Methods From December 2015 to January 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,274 parents and 315 outpatients in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, on the status of AEFI monitoring. Results 98.41% of vaccination clinicians knew the definition of AEFI monitoring, but only 26.67% knew the report card time limit. 94.11% of the parents knew that after vaccination, 30 minutes were observed on site and only 61.30% knew most of the adverse reactions In the attitude, both sides supported the AEFI monitoring work, 96.51% of the clinic staff and 89.79% of the parents thought it necessary to carry out the AEFI monitoring work, and the participation was better; in the relevant behavior, 41.27% of the clinic staff were suspected of being AEFI However, the phenomenon was not reported, which was related to the number of training sessions. 42.37% of unreported AEFIs considered AEFI monitoring an additional burden, much higher than those reported by AEFIs. Parents reported better awareness and reporting rate after AEFI 86.04%; 17.97% of parents did not report symptoms of mild AEFI, only 42.70% of parents after inoculation of observation time ≥ 30 min, of which rural parents than urban areas, township parents a high proportion of parents and hold the attitude and knowledge of knowledge Degree related. Conclusion The training of outpatients should be strengthened to enhance the pre-vaccination and AEFI knowledge dissemination efforts.