目的 :探讨肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞对食管鳞癌术后辅助化疗的影响。方法 :97例食管鳞癌患者根治术后随机分为辅助化疗组 (顺铂加 5-氟脲嘧啶 )和单纯手术组。比较两组患者生存率 ,分析肿瘤淋巴细胞浸润与辅助化疗患者生存期的关系。结果 :辅助化疗组 2年、5年生存率 ( 74 0 3%、2 6 9% )低于单纯手术组 ( 82 0 2 %、4 9 6% ,P <0 0 5)。辅助化疗组生存期与肿瘤的生长方式、炎细胞浸润程度、淋巴结转移率和TNM分期有关 (P <0 .0 5)。特别是肿瘤 <3cm、分化程度Ⅰ级、膨胀型生长、无淋巴结转移或Ⅰ +ⅡA期时 ,肿瘤间质常伴有明显炎细胞浸润 ,辅助化疗组与单纯手术组相比患者生存率降低更为明显 (P <0 .0 5)。反之 ,淋巴结转移率 >50 %和Ⅳ期患者肿瘤间质缺乏炎细胞浸润 ,辅助化疗组 2年生存率与单纯手术组比较分别提高于 2 2 2 2 %和 37 50 % (P <0 0 5)。两组其他参数相比生存率无明显差异 (P >0 0 5)。结论 :肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞是影响辅助化疗和预后的一个重要因素 ,可作为食管鳞癌患者根治术后选择合理治疗方案的指标 Objective: To investigate the effect of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes on postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: 97 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into adjuvant chemotherapy group (cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil) and surgery group. The survival rates of two groups were compared, and the relationship between tumor lymphocyte infiltration and survival of adjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed. Results: The 2-year and 5-year survival rates (74 0 3%, 269%) in the adjuvant chemotherapy group were lower than those in the simple operation group (82 0 2%, 496%, P 0 05). Survival of the adjuvant chemotherapy group was related to tumor growth, infiltration of inflammatory cells, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P <0.05). Especially tumor <3cm, grade Ⅰ differentiation, swollen growth, lymph node metastasis or stage Ⅰ + ⅡA, interstitial often accompanied by obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, the adjuvant chemotherapy group compared with the surgery alone group, the survival rate of patients is more reduced As obvious (P <0.05). On the contrary, lymph node metastasis rate> 50% and stage IV tumor cells in patients with a lack of inflammatory cell infiltration, 2-year survival rate of the adjuvant chemotherapy group compared with the surgery alone group were increased 22.22% and 3750% (P <0 05 ). There was no significant difference in survival between the other two parameters (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are an important factor influencing adjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis, which can be used as an index to choose a reasonable treatment plan for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical operation