论文部分内容阅读
目的监测新疆兵团外环境中禽流感的分布和流行情况,分析感染高危因素,为预防控制禽流感提供依据。方法采集城乡活禽市场、家禽规模养殖场和散养户等监测点的水、粪便及笼具表面擦拭物等外环境标本,用Real-time PCR方法检测禽流感病毒及亚型。结果共检测1 033份外环境样本,禽流感阳性率为12.97%;H5、H7和H9亚型阳性率分别为0.97%、0.00%和9.58%。2013年和2015年监测到H5亚型;在各年份中均检出H9亚型且阳性率均最高,未检出H7亚型。在城乡活禽市场、家禽规模养殖场和散养户禽流感阳性率分别为15.78%、6.30%和4.55%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.928,P=0.000);在134份阳性标本中,各监测场所检出率有所不同,城乡活禽市场共检出116份,占86.57%。不同类型标本中,清洗禽类的污水阳性率最高19.25%,禽类饮水阳性率最低9.14%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.299,P<0.05)。结论城乡活禽市场禽流感病毒的污染普遍存在,主要为H5亚型和H9亚型。
Objective To monitor the distribution and prevalence of avian influenza in the outer environment of Xinjiang Corps and to analyze the risk factors of infection in order to provide a basis for the prevention and control of bird flu. Methods Samples of water, faeces and surface wipes from urban and rural live poultry markets, poultry scale farms and free-range farms were collected. Real-time PCR was used to detect avian influenza virus and its subtypes. Results A total of 1 033 environmental samples were tested. The positive rate of bird flu was 12.97%. The positive rates of H5, H7 and H9 subtypes were 0.97%, 0.00% and 9.58% respectively. H5 subtypes were detected in 2013 and 2015; H9 subtypes were detected in each year with the highest positive rate, and H7 subtypes were not detected. In urban and rural live poultry markets, the positive rates of poultry scale farms and casual bird flu were 15.78%, 6.30% and 4.55%, respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 17.928, P = 0.000); in 134 positive samples The detection rate of various monitoring sites was different, with 116 samples of live poultry in urban and rural areas accounting for 86.57%. In different types of samples, the positive rate of washing sewage was 19.25% and the lowest was 9.14%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 15.299, P <0.05). Conclusion The contamination of avian influenza virus in urban and rural live poultry market is widespread, mainly H5 subtype and H9 subtype.