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抗战时期“孤岛”上海特殊的历史情境,激发起作家从南明抗清史中汲取民族救亡图存精神力量的热情,由此造就了“孤岛”历史剧,尤其是南明史剧的繁荣。柳亚子与“南明史剧”三部曲创作者阿英的交往,始于去信与他讨论《碧血花》的剧本写作,一度关系非常亲密,却因之后对《杨娥传》的不同创作构想走向疏远。造成这种疏远的主要原因,是“代际”文化心理不同所造成的两人在历史观和审美价值取向上的差异。阿英力图以人民史观考察南明史,以“主动性介入”的姿态,表现普通民众的爱国精神和献身热情,在创作方法上认同忠实于历史的现实主义;而停留于传统英雄史观的柳亚子,延续的是《桃花扇》式的“颂美”、抒情传统,倾向于以对殉国“烈女”的颂扬来寄寓自己的亡国哀思、时代感喟,在创作方法上倾向于“借古人酒杯,浇自己块垒”的自况和移情,表现出将历史道德化、传奇化、抒情化的倾向。这种分歧,表现出两代作家在文化心理、审美情趣方面的差异和变化,也揭示出现代文学传统的丰富性和复杂性。
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, “island” Shanghai’s special historical situation stimulated the writer’s enthusiasm to draw the spirit of national salvation from the anti-Qing history of Nanming, thus creating the “isolated island” historical drama, especially the drama of Southern Ming Dynasty. Liu Yazi’s engagement with A Ying, the creator of the Southern Ming History drama trilogy, began with his letter writing to discuss the script writing of “Bihua”, which was very close at a time but was later influenced by the different versions of “Yang E Biography” Creative ideas toward estrangement. The main reason for this alienation is the difference between the historical and aesthetic value orientation caused by the different cultural psychology of “generational” culture. A Ying tries to observe the history of Nanming with the view of the people’s history and takes the attitude of “active intervention” as a manifestation of the ordinary people’s patriotic spirit and devotion to passion. In the creative method, A Ying identifies the realism that is faithful to history; while staying in the history of traditional heroes Liu Yazi views the continuation of the “Peach Blossom Fan” type of “Somme beauty”, lyrical tradition, tend to martyred “maiden” glorification of their country to send their grief, the sense of the times, in the creative approach At the “self-condition and empathy,” borrowing ancient Chinese wine glasses and pouring their own block barriers, they showed the tendency of moralizing, legends and lyricalizing history. This disagreement shows the differences and changes in cultural psychology and aesthetic taste of the two generations of writers and also reveals the richness and complexity of the modern literary tradition.