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一、概况催化作为一门学科,既研究催化反应速率与机理等属于化学动力学方面的问题,也研究催化剂的制备方法、组成、结构与催化性能的关系等属于材料科学范畴的问题,其目标在于掌握各种类型催化剂的制备规律,并在分子水平上阐明催化剂的作用机理,从而为催化剂的选择乃至设计提供一定的科学依据。这门学科的发展将大大改变动力燃料工业、有机合成工业和化肥工业的面貌,并为利用化学反应开辟新能源及消除环境污染提供某些新的手段。
I. Overview As a discipline, catalysis not only studies the problems of chemical kinetics such as the rate and mechanism of catalysis, but also studies the relationship between the preparation methods, composition, structure and catalytic performance of catalysis, which belong to the field of material science. The objective Is to master the preparation of various types of catalyst law, and clarify the mechanism of the catalyst at the molecular level, so as to provide a catalyst for the selection and design to provide some scientific basis. The development of this discipline will greatly change the face of the powerfuel industry, the organic synthesis industry and the fertilizer industry and provide some new means for using chemical reactions to open up new sources of energy and eliminate environmental pollution.