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为了考察微波功率、辐射时间和物料质量对铀矿石浸出率和浸出周期的影响,采用频率为2.45 GHz微波对花岗岩铀矿石进行加热,然后配置了不同预处理条件下的铀矿样进行室内柱浸试验,并分析了不同微波功率预处理时铀矿石比表面积和孔隙率的变化。研究结果表明:微波预处理的温度应控制在600℃以下。当微波功率为40 k W,辐射时间为40 s,矿石质量为4 kg时,铀浸出率为85.27%,浸出周期为67 d,较原矿浸出率提高7.69%,浸出周期缩短25 d。4 kg矿石经40 k W微波辐射120 s后,比表面积较原矿增大39.9%,孔隙率增加71.8%。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察微波预处理前后表面形貌,预处理后原有微裂隙扩展并加深,并出现新的裂缝。微波预处理改善了铀矿石渗透性,有利于浸出。
In order to investigate the effect of microwave power, radiation time and material quality on the leaching rate and leaching period of uranium ores, the granite uranium ore was heated by microwave at the frequency of 2.45 GHz and then uranium ore samples with different pretreatment conditions were used for indoor column dipping Test, and analysis of different microwave power pretreatment uranium ore specific surface area and porosity changes. The results show that: microwave pretreatment temperature should be controlled below 600 ℃. When the microwave power is 40 k W, the irradiation time is 40 s and the ore quality is 4 kg, the leaching rate of uranium is 85.27% and the leaching period is 67 days, which is 7.69% more than that of the raw ore and the leaching period is shortened by 25 days. The specific surface area of 4 kg ore increased by 39.9% and the porosity increased by 71.8% after irradiated by 40 k W microwave for 120 s. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology before and after microwave pretreatment. After the pretreatment, the original microcracks expanded and deepened, and new cracks appeared. Microwave pretreatment improves the permeability of uranium ore and is conducive to leaching.