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在高精度的点源透射比测试中,测试环境中背景杂散光的影响不可忽视。为了提高点源透射比的测试精度,研制了一种可有效抑制背景杂散光的高性能光陷阱系统。依据点源透射比测试理论和光辐射能量传输理论,给出了光陷阱主要设计参数与点源透射比测试误差的定量数学关系;提出了背景杂散光各级散射路径全面可控的光陷阱设计思路,大大增加了背景杂散光到达成像视场前的散射次数;通过多种光陷阱模型的仿真比对实验,验证设计思路和模型的优越性。实验结果显示:Φ20 m的光陷阱系统可使口径Φ2 m、外形尺寸约2.8 m×3.5 m×11 m的光学系统的点源透射比测试误差达到1.49×10-10,较相同实验室空间下未使用光陷阱的测试系统降低了约4个数量级,较相同实验空间下国外现有光陷阱方案降低了两个数量级,可用于大型太空望远镜的高精度点源透射比测试。
In high-precision point source transmittance testing, the influence of background stray light in the test environment can not be ignored. In order to improve the testing accuracy of point source transmittance, a high performance optical trap system that can effectively suppress background stray light was developed. According to point source transmittance theory and optical radiation energy transfer theory, the quantitative mathematical relationship between the main design parameters of light traps and the error of point source transmittance test is given. The design idea of optical traps with all-around controllable scattering paths at all levels of background stray light , Which greatly increased the number of scattering of background stray light before reaching the imaging field of view. The simulation results of various light trap models verify the superiority of the design ideas and models. The experimental results show that the Φ20 m optical trapping system can make the point source transmittance test error of 1.49 × 10-10 for the optical system with the diameter of 2 m and the external dimensions of about 2.8 m × 3.5 m × 11 m. Compared with the same laboratory space The test system without optical traps is reduced by about 4 orders of magnitude, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the existing optical trap schemes in the same experimental space. It can be used for high-precision point source transmittance test of large space telescopes.