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本研究采用问卷的方式，调查了高三学生对高考结果的归因特点及其影响的因素。结果发现：（１），高三学生中对高考成功归因的排序为：能力，教学质量，持久努力，心境，运气，他人帮助，临时努力，任务难度；对高考失败归因的排序为：心境，能力，持久努力，教学质量，临时努力，任务难度，运气，他人帮助。成功与失败的学生对考试成败的认知不同。（２），影响高三学生考试成败的其它因素，依据其发生的频率分别为：１环境因素，２身体状态，３个性品质，４自我调节，５学习基础，６家庭因素，７目标水平
In this study, a questionnaire was used to investigate the characteristics of senior high school students’ attribution to the college entrance examination results and the factors that affect them. The results showed that: (1) The order of attribution to college entrance examination success in senior one is as follows: ability, quality of teaching, lasting effort, state of mind, luck, others help, temporary efforts, task difficulty; Ability, Lasting Effort, Quality of Teaching, Temporary Efforts, Mission Difficulty, Luck, Help from Others. Successful and unsuccessful students have different cognitions of test success. (2) The other factors that influence the success or failure of senior high school students’ exams are as follows: 1. Environmental factors, 2. Physical state, 3. Individuality, 4. Self-regulation, 5. Learning foundation, 6. Family factors 7 target level