公平与效率问题,是建立社会主义市场经济体制过程中的重要问题之一,也是人们普遍关注的与自己切身利益密切相关的社会问题。如果二者关系处理不当,片面追求效率,往往导致社会上的贫富悬殊,孕育社会危机;若一味强调公平,常常挫伤大部分群众的积极性,造成效率低下、经济缓慢发展的局面。本文试图就正确认识公平与效率问题做一初步探讨。 The issue of fairness and efficiency is one of the important issues in the process of establishing a socialist market economic system. It is also a social issue that is of widespread concern and closely related to one’s immediate interests. If the relationship between the two is not properly handled, the one-sided pursuit of efficiency will often lead to social disparities and cause social crises. If we blindly emphasize fairness, we will often dampen the enthusiasm of the majority of the people and create inefficiencies and slow economic growth. This article attempts to make a preliminary discussion on the issue of correctly understanding fairness and efficiency.