,Topological superconductivity in a Bi2Te3/NbSe2 heterostructure:A review

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Topological superconductors carry globally protected gapless boundary excitations, which are robust under local perturbations, and thus exhibit both fundamental and applicational importance. An unconventional pairing with p-wave symmetry, such as a nontrivial topology in the superconductor’s wavefunction, is required to generate a non-zero Berry phase. Until now, the Bi2Te3/2H–NbSe2 heterostructure has proven to be a practical way to realize a topological su-perconductor in real materials. This complex system, where odd numbers of spin-momentum locked Dirac cone surface states on the topological insulator Bi2Te3 become superconducting, induced by the proximate effect from the underlying s-wave superconductor 2H–NbSe2, realizes an effective two-dimensional (2D) spinless px+i py topological superconduc-tor. In this review article, we summarize the recent experimental progress of the successful synthesis of Bi2Te3/2H–NbSe2 heterostructures using molecular beam epitaxy, determining the thickness limit of the heterostructure, detecting the long thought Majorana quasiparticle inside a magnetic vortex core state by means of scanning tunneling microscopy and demon-stration of the unique spatial and spin properties of a Majorana zero mode.
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