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目的:从辣椒中提取并分离纯化辣椒素。方法:采用70%乙醇提取辣椒素;以辣椒碱的含量为指标,运用紫外-可见分光光度法及高效液相色谱法比较活性炭法、pH法、乙醚萃取结晶法三种方法分离纯化辣椒素的效果。结果:采用乙醚萃取辣椒粗提物,乙醚相用氢氧化钠水溶液萃取,所得氢氧化钠萃取液调pH值后结晶,得到辣椒素粗品,辣椒碱总收率为81.1%。结论:乙醚萃取结晶工艺得到的辣椒素含量高,回收率高,工艺成本低,可作为辣椒素的生产方案。
Objective: To extract and purify capsaicin from pepper. Methods: Capsaicin was extracted with 70% ethanol. The content of capsaicin was used as an index to determine the content of capsaicin by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography compared with activated carbon method, pH method and ether extraction and crystallization method effect. Results: The crude extract of pepper was extracted with ether and the ether phase was extracted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The resulting sodium hydroxide extract was adjusted to pH value and crystallized to obtain crude capsaicin. The total yield of capsaicin was 81.1%. Conclusion: The extraction of capsaicin by ether extraction and crystallization process has the advantages of high content of capsaicin, high recovery rate and low process cost, which can be used as the production scheme of capsaicin.