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俄罗斯著名作家阿斯塔菲耶夫的力作《牧童和牧女》多年来一直被文学批评界奉为“带有自然主义色彩的感伤主义”的战地爱情经典。但是作品中的“和平主义”和“非英雄化”一直是评论界争论的焦点。而这正是作品的独到之处。作者要体现的就是东正教的末世与救赎思想。作家把苏联卫国战争视为全人类的悲剧来描写,强调信仰的缺失和缺乏博爱精神是人类互相残杀的根源,人类获救必须依靠爱的途径和信仰的复归。苏军指挥官柯斯佳耶夫中尉的精神成长历程就是作者为处于极限环境下的人类指出的一条宗教救赎之路。
The famous Russian writer Astafiev’s masterpiece “Shepherd boy and herd” has been regarded by literary critics as “battlefield with naturalistic sentiment” for many years. However, “pacifism” and “non-heroism” in the work have always been the focus of controversy in the critics. And this is the uniqueness of the work. What the author wants to embody is the Orthodox Church’s end-time and salvation thoughts. The writer describes the Soviet Patriotic War as a tragedy of all mankind. Emphasizing that the lack of faith and the lack of fraternity are the root causes of human beings killing each other, human beings must rely on the means of love and the return of their faith. The spiritual growth of Lieutenant Coskoyev, the commander of the Soviet army, is the author’s path of religious redemption for the human being in extreme circumstances.