论文部分内容阅读
阐述了株型育种发展的阶段及各阶段的特点 ,从茎、叶、穗、分蘖、根 5个方面与水稻株型育种有关的各种形态、生理、生态特性的研究现状进行了综合评述。认为株高增加、叶片直立、分蘖力适中、根系发达不早衰是株型育种目标的共同点 ,而北方粳稻区穗子直立更有利于提高光能利用率。认为通过籼粳稻杂交、水陆稻杂交 ,并进行多次回交或复交 ,将非F1优势固定或通过籼粳杂交转育广亲和材料采用“架桥”的方法 ,是实现优化性状组配的重要手段。进一步实现理想株型与杂种优势利用相结合 ,是发挥水稻高产潜力的有效途径
The stages of development and the characteristics of each stage of plant type breeding were described. The research status of various morphological, physiological and ecological characteristics related to plant type breeding of rice was summarized from 5 aspects of stem, leaf, spike, tiller and root. It is considered that the plant height is increased, the leaves are upright, the tillering power is moderate, and the root system is not premature and decaying, which is the common goal of plant breeding. The ears upright in northern japonica rice area is more conducive to improving the light energy utilization rate. It is considered that it is important to optimize the trait allocation by crossing the cross between the indica and japonica hybrids, crossing between the wild and the paddy rice, and carrying out multiple backcross or multiple crossings to immobilize the non-F1 advantage or to cross-fertilize the broad compatible material through crossing the indica-japonica cross means. Further realizing the combination of ideal plant type and heterosis utilization is an effective way to exert the potential of high yield of rice