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1966年4~5月在新疆巴楚县阿克沙克马拉勒地区发生5例以发热和出血为主要症状的病人,入院后经抢救治疗,3例死亡,2例痊愈出院。主要的症状和体征包括:起病急骤、寒战、发热、体温可达40℃以上。显著乏力、嗜睡、肢体疼痛、面颈部潮红、恶心、呕吐、继之出现皮肤及粘膜出血、鼻出血,可发展至消化道大量出血(呕血、便血)、血尿、低血压。早期即有蛋白尿、白细胞和血小板减少。4例患者在发病第2,4,5和9天从血液标本中分离到病毒。从2例尸检的肝、脾、肾和淋巴结标本中也分离到病毒,3例患者血清对本身分离的病毒中和试验阳性,2例双份血清的中和抗体有4倍以上增长。
From April to May 1966, 5 patients with fever and bleeding as the main symptoms occurred in the area of Akshak Marala in Bachu County, Xinjiang. Three patients died and two were discharged after being hospitalized. The main symptoms and signs include: sudden onset, chills, fever, body temperature up to 40 ℃ or more. Significant fatigue, drowsiness, limb pain, face and neck flushing, nausea and vomiting, followed by skin and mucous membrane bleeding, epistaxis, can develop to a large number of gastrointestinal bleeding (hematemesis, blood in the stool), hematuria, hypotension. Early that there is proteinuria, white blood cells and thrombocytopenia. Four patients isolated the virus from blood samples on days 2, 4, 5 and 9 of onset. Viruses were also isolated from 2 autopsy specimens of liver, spleen, kidney and lymph nodes. Serum from 3 patients tested positive for virus neutralization itself, and the neutralizing antibodies of two serum samples increased more than 4-fold.