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清初以杨光先为代表的部分正统士大夫,遂奋起攻击汤若望和西洋历法,掀起了清初最大一宗反西教案件——“康熙历狱”。“康熙历狱”的实质就是中西历法之争,对清初士人的影响例如徐光启盛赞欧几里德之《几何原本》,以极其忠实的态度翻译出其6卷。他认为欲求超胜,必须会通。徐光启、李之藻等人是倾向于科学起源的多元论的,而且只有通过“会通以求超胜”的努力,才有希望走上近代科学大道。
At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, some orthodox doctors represented by Yang Guangxian attacked Tang Ruowang and Western calendars, setting off one of the largest anti-Westernist cases in the early Qing Dynasty - the Kangxi Jail. The essence of “Kangxi Regiment ” is the dispute between the Chinese and Western calendars. The impact on the scholars of the early Qing Dynasty, for example, Xu Guangqi praised Euclid’s “original geometry” and translated its six volumes with great loyalty. He believes that the desire to win, must pass. Xu Guangqi, Li Zhizao and others tend to be multivariate theories of the origin of science, and hopefully they can embark on the path of modern science only through their efforts to “go beyond the limits of science”.