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为研究飞行员安全绩效的变化趋势以及飞行员的空间能力与其安全绩效的关系,运用多层线性模型方法对飞机快速存取记录器(QAR)数据和飞行员心理选拔笔试数据进行分析。研究结果表明:飞行员入职0~4 a内的安全绩效水平呈现显著下降的趋势,且个体差异明显;空间能力中的空间关系能力对飞行员的安全绩效下降速率有显著的负向影响,但空间视觉化能力与空间定向能力的影响不显著。空间关系能力对飞行员入职0~1 a内安全绩效水平的预测效应显著,两者呈正相关,而空间视觉化能力与空间定向能力的预测效应不显著。
In order to study the changing trend of pilots ’safety performance and the relationship between pilots’ spatial capabilities and their safety performance, a multi-layer linear model method was used to analyze QAR data and pilots psychological selection and written test data. The results show that pilots ’safety performance levels decrease significantly from 0 to 4 years, and the individual differences are obvious. The spatial relationship ability in space ability has a significant negative impact on pilots’ safety performance decline rate. However, The influence of abilities and spatial orientation was not significant. The ability of spatial relationship has significant predictive effect on pilot safety performance within 0 ~ 1 a, and there is a positive correlation between the two. The predictive effect of spatial visualization ability and spatial directional ability is not significant.