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目的探讨孕妇孕中期唐氏综合征筛查对异常胎儿检出的价值,分析孕妇年龄与唐氏综合征筛查风险度之间的关系。方法采用化学发光免疫技术定量检测孕中期(14-22周)孕妇血清中的三项指标(AFP、HCG、uE3),通过配套软件估算唐氏综合征、爱德华氏综合征、神经管缺陷的风险度。以35岁为界限将筛查孕妇分为两组,比较它们之间的风险差异。结果筛查2046例孕妇有179例筛查为高风险,其中唐氏综合征高风险136例、爱德华氏综合征高风险15例、神经管缺陷高风险29例(1例2项指标均为高风险)。经过产前诊断并结合回访数据发现179名高风险孕妇中,有唐氏综合征4例,爱德华氏综合征1例,神经管缺陷2例,其他异常染色体2例。经过统计分析,不同年龄组间的唐氏综合征筛查高风险率有显著性差异。结论孕中期血清唐氏综合征筛查是预防胎儿出生缺陷的有效检测方法。高龄孕妇的逐步增多加大了患儿产生的风险,这应引起相关部门的重视,也是优生优育工作面临的新问题。
Objective To investigate the value of Down’s syndrome screening for abnormal fetuses in pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy and to analyze the relationship between the age of pregnant women and the screening risk of Down’s syndrome. Methods Chemiluminescent immunoassay was used to quantitatively detect the serum levels of AFP, HCG and uE3 in the second trimester of pregnancy (14-22 weeks). The software was used to estimate the risk of Down’s syndrome, Edwards syndrome and neural tube defects degree. Screening pregnant women at 35 years of age was divided into two groups to compare the risk differences between them. Results A total of 179 pregnant women were screened for high risk screening in 2046 pregnant women. Among them, 136 were high risk of Down’s syndrome, 15 were high risk of Edwards syndrome, and 29 were high risk of neural tube defects (1 case of 2 indicators were high risk). After prenatal diagnosis and combined with the return visit data found in 179 high-risk pregnant women, Down Syndrome in 4 cases, Edwards syndrome in 1 case, 2 cases of neural tube defects, and other abnormal chromosomes in 2 cases. After statistical analysis, there is a significant difference in the high risk rate of Down’s syndrome screening among different age groups. Conclusion The screening of Down’s syndrome in the second trimester is an effective method to prevent birth defects. Increasing the number of pregnant women increased the risk of children, which should arouse the attention of the relevant departments, but also the eugenics and fertility work facing new problems.