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在司法裁判中,裁判者必须依靠经验法则才能进行法律解释、证据评价、事实推定等活动。由于具体经验法则的非成文性、裁判者经验法则的个体差异性和裁判者应用经验法则的偏差性等,经验法则的司法应用存在巨的大风险。而克服此种风险应当满足三个方面的规则:一是司法裁判中的经验法则应当符合高度盖然性标准;二是司法裁判应合理考量经验法则的例外情形;三是应设立合理的程序救济机制。
In judicial adjudication, the referee must rely on the rule of thumb to conduct legal interpretation, evidence evaluation, de facto presumption and other activities. Due to the unwritten nature of the specific rules of experience, the individual differences of the rules of the experience of the adjudicators and the deviations of the rules of thumb used by the adjudicators, the judicial application of the rules of thumb poses a huge risk. To overcome such risks, the following three rules should be met: First, the rule of law in judicial adjudication should meet the criterion of high probability; second, judicial adjudication should reasonably consider the exception of the rule of thumb; third, a reasonable procedural relief mechanism should be established.