采用等离子弧粉末熔覆技术在Q235钢表面制备了高铬铸铁型铁基涂层。通过X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察和分析了涂层的相组成和组织形貌,并测试了显微硬度,与高铬铸铁的耐磨性进行了对比。结果表明,等离子弧制备的熔覆层组织为主要由正交结构的M7C3(M=Cr,Fe)型碳化物和面心立方结构的(Fe,Ni)固溶体构成过共晶组织,涂层的显微硬度在650~850HV0.2,与高铬铸铁相比,涂层的相对耐磨性更好。 High-chromium cast iron-based coatings were prepared on Q235 steel by plasma arc cladding. The phase composition and microstructure of the coating were observed and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The microhardness of the coating was tested and compared with the wear resistance of high chromium cast iron. The results show that the microstructure of the cladding layer prepared by plasma arc is composed of M7C3 (M = Cr, Fe) type carbide with orthorhombic structure and (Fe, Ni) solid solution with face centered cubic structure. Microhardness 650 ~ 850HV0.2, compared with the high-chromium cast iron, the relative wear resistance of the coating is better.