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目的探讨针对医务人员职业暴露的干预方法及其效果,提高暴露风险管理水平。方法应用医务人员职业暴露情况调查表,在2014年12月对某医院920名医务人员进行问卷调查,制定风险管理方法,进行半年时间强化干预,包括加强暴露知识培训及现场考核等;6个月后再次进行问卷调查,了解干预后医务人员职业暴露知晓率、处理正确率、暴露发生率、暴露上报率及暴露随访率的变化。结果干预前后,相关知识知晓率从31.7%显著上升到91.4%,暴露后处理正确率从41.2%显著上升到89.5%,暴露发生率从11.9%显著下降到5.6%;对于发生职业暴露的医务人员,暴露上报率从72.3%显著上升到97.1%,暴露随访率从67.5%显著上升到93.6%。结论针对医务人员职业暴露,积极开展和推广有效的暴露干预措施,能显著提高风险管理水平,减少医务人员暴露风险。
Objective To explore intervention methods and their effects on occupational exposure of medical staff and to improve the management of exposure risk. Methods A questionnaire on medical staff occupational exposure was conducted. In December 2014, 920 medical personnel in a hospital were surveyed to establish a risk management method. Six months’ intensive intervention was conducted, including training of exposure knowledge and on-site examination. Six months After a second questionnaire survey to understand the medical staff occupational exposure after the intervention rate, the correct rate of treatment, the incidence of exposure, exposure rate and exposure rate of follow-up changes. Results Before and after the intervention, the awareness rate of related knowledge increased significantly from 31.7% to 91.4%, the post-exposure treatment accuracy rate increased significantly from 41.2% to 89.5% and the incidence of exposure significantly decreased from 11.9% to 5.6% , The reporting rate of exposure increased significantly from 72.3% to 97.1%, and the follow-up rate of exposure increased significantly from 67.5% to 93.6%. Conclusion In view of occupational exposure of medical staff, active exposure and promotion of effective exposure interventions can significantly improve risk management and reduce the exposure risk of medical staff.