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土壤水分深层渗漏是沙区水循环的重要环节,深层渗漏的定量测定对沙区水资源评估及水量平衡研究具有重要意义。本文采用YWB-01型土壤深层水量渗漏测试记录仪对中国毛乌素沙地等六大沙漠(地)降雨入渗到深层土壤的渗漏水量进行实时动态监测。结果表明:流动沙丘降雨渗漏补给量存在明显的时空差异,与降雨时空变化特征具有相对一致性,降雨格局是影响深层渗漏过程的主要因素,随降雨增大渗漏补给量增加,半干旱区降雨量与渗漏量显著正相关(p<0.05),干旱区相关性不显著(p>0.05);观测期内正镶白旗、伊金霍洛旗、阜康流动沙丘土壤200cm以下渗漏量为48.5、146.8、1.0mm,分别占同期降雨的21.4%、33.3%、1.3%;乌审旗、磴口150cm以下渗漏量为1009.6、52.6mm,分别占同期降雨的55.7%、12.7%。不同气候区固定沙丘渗漏量基本没有差异,降雨格局不是影响水分深层渗漏的主导因素,而植被覆盖的影响占主要作用,且沙丘植被盖度>45%时深层渗漏量不超过同期降雨的2.0%。中国沙区深层土壤水分补给主要来自于强降雨或高频次小降雨事件,特别是干旱区降水少、频次低,其深层土壤水分补给更加依赖于强降水。
Deep seepage of soil moisture is an important part of the water cycle in the sand area. The quantitative determination of deep seepage is of great significance to the study of water resources assessment and water balance in sandy areas. In this paper, YWB-01 soil depth water leakage test recorder was used to monitor the infiltration of rainfall into the deep soil of six deserts (ground) such as Mu Us sandy land in China. The results show that there is a significant spatial-temporal difference in rainfall leakage recharge between mobile sand dunes and rainfall-related changes in spatial and temporal distribution. Rainfall pattern is the main factor affecting the deep seepage process. With increasing rainfall recharge, semi-arid There was a significant positive correlation between rainfall and leakage (p <0.05) and no significant difference in arid zones (p> 0.05). During the observation period, infiltration was observed at the soil below 200 cm in the flagpole, Yijinhuoluo Banner and Fukang mobile sand dunes Respectively, accounting for 21.4%, 33.3% and 1.3% of the rainfall in the same period respectively; and the leakage amount below 150cm in Wushen Banner and Lukou was 1009.6 and 52.6mm, accounting for 55.7% and 12.7% of the rainfall in the same period respectively. . There was no difference in the amount of leakage in the fixed sand dunes in different climatic zones. The rainfall pattern was not the dominant factor affecting the deep seepage of water, and the vegetation cover had the main effect. The amount of deep seepage did not exceed that of the same period Of 2.0%. The deep soil water supply in the sand area of China mainly comes from heavy rainfall or high-frequency sub-small rainfall events, especially in the arid area with less frequent rainfall and lower frequency. Its deep soil moisture supply relies more on heavy rainfall.